运行级别概念的区分
| System V init 运行级别 | systemd 目标名称 | 作用 |
| :-: | :-: | :-: |
| 0 | runlevel0.target, poweroff.target
| 关机 |
| 1 | runlevel1.target, rescue.target
| 单用户模式 |
| 2 | runlevel2.target, multi-user.target
| 等同于级别 3 |
| 3 | runlevel3.target, multi-user.target
| 多用户的文本界面 |
| 4 | runlevel4.target, multi-user.target
| 等同于级别 3 |
| 5 | runlevel5.target, graphical.target
| 多用户的图形界面 |
| 6 | runlevel6.target, reboot.target
| 重启 |
| emergency | emergency.target
| 紧急 Shell |
systemctl 管理服务的启动、重启、停止、重载、查看状态等常用命令区分
| System V init 命令(RHEL 6) | systemctl 命令(RHEL 7) | 作用 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| service foo start
| systemctl start foo.service
| 启动服务 |
| service foo restart
| systemctl restart foo.service
| 重启服务 |
| service foo stop
| systemctl stop foo.service
| 停止服务 |
| service foo reload
| systemctl reload foo.service
| 重新加载配置文件(不终止服务)|
| service foo status
| systemctl status foo.service
| 查看服务状态 |
systemctl 设置服务开机启动、不启动、查看各级别下服务启动状态等常用命令
| System V init 命令(RHEL 6) | systemctl 命令(RHEL 7) | 作用 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| chkconfig foo on
| systemctl enable foo.service
| 开机自动启动 |
| chkconfig foo off
| systemctl disable foo.service
| 开机不自动启动 |
| chkconfig foo
| systemctl is-enabled foo.service
| 查看特定服务是否为开机自动启动 |
| chkconfig --list
| systemctl list-unit-files --type=service
| 查看各个级别下服务的启动与禁用情况 |
文章评论